Introduction Liver microphysiological platforms for drug metabolism applications are the need of the hour to fix the exorbitant costs of drug development. Toxicology or lack of efficacy are two of…
Introduction Recently, microfluidics and 3D cell culture technologies have merged, to increase the potential of in vitro modeling, in order to get even closer to human physiology. Control of the…
Introduction Adipose tissue does not only store energy, it also governs the metabolism of cells and tissues around the body by secreting hormones, cytokines, proteins, and microRNA. Adipose tissue is…
Introduction Every organ is composed of a mesenchymal (stroma) and a parenchymal fraction. Conventional two-dimensional (2D) cultures are often focusing on the mimicking of the parenchymal fraction (eg, hepatocytes, enterocytes,…
Introduction The vascular network carries the transportation of materials and nutrients as the fluid delivery mechanism of the human body. Tissue engineering research, therefore, focuses primarily on the forming of…